For example, " Oxyrrhis marina " can turn cannibalistic on its own species when no suitable non-self prey is available, and " Pfiesteria " and related species have been discovered to kill and feed on fish, and since have been ( mistakenly ) referred to as carnivorous " algae " by the media.
2.
Organisms that derive their nutrition in this manner include " Oxyrrhis marina ", which feeds phagocytically on phytoplankton, " Polykrikos kofoidii ", which feeds on several species of red-tide and / or toxic dinoflagellates, " Ceratium furca ", which is primarily photosynthetic but also capable of ingesting other protists such as ciliates, " Cochlodinium polykrikoides ", which feeds on phytoplankton, " Gambierdiscus toxicus ", which feeds on algae and produces a toxin that causes ciguatera fish poisoning when ingested, and " Pfiesteria " and related species such as " Luciella masanensis ", which feed on diverse prey including fish skin and human blood cells.
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